The rafting trip covers only 7 miles of the beautiful RIO GRANDE, but
will whet your appetite to explore more of the lush valley. This is Maroon
country. The runaway slaves of Portland, called the Windward Maroons were
particularly fierce and bold. In the early days of British settlement they
would swoop from their mountain strongholds to raid the coastal settlements,
and for more than a century the Rio Grande was the scene of guerrilla warfare.
For a long time the Windwards were led by a woman, the legendary Champong
Nanny or Grande Nanny, a fierce lady, reputed to have magical powers. It
is said that she kept a cauldron of water boiling without any fire into
which unwary British soldiers fell and perished. It was also believed that
Nanny never went into battle armed like the rest (but) received the bullets
of her enemy that were aimed at her and returned them with fatal effectî
ñ in (blush) a manner of which decency forbids description. The first
and most famous Jamaican matriarch, Nanny was made a national heroine during
the Feminist 1970s although there is no documentary proof of her existence.
In 1734 the British finally succeeded in driving the Maroons from their
mountain fortress when the canny Captain Stoddart approached from ST THOMAS
dragging some swivel guns through a district called HALF A BOTTLE and over
a peak now called STODDARTíS PEAK.
NANNYTOWN, high in the JOHN CROW mountains was never resettled, and to
this day people swear that the site is haunted a spirit place. The weird
experiences of the last military expedition to visit there (during the 70s)
tend to substantiate the claim. Stalwart British soldiers reported a landslide
on Mount Abraham opposite Nanny Town when a piece of the mountain fell away
with a roar like thunder, and told Reuters that they had seen faces and
heard voices among the trees at night. One of them was mystified when his
watch disappeared from his wrist while he was securely zipped into his sleeping
bag. The few hardy hikers who tackle the Nanny Town trail report a profusion
of rare plants and animals. Experienced guides can be hired at Windsor or
Johnís Hall.
After Nannyís death, the Windwards were led by Quao, one of her
Captains. He has to his credit the massacre of a large British force. In
1739, four months after Cudjoe of the Leeward Maroons made peace with the
British, Quao also signed a treaty. By this, lands were ceded to the Windward
Maroons and they were allowed to live in peace and semi-independence. Today
many of their descendants are small farmers in the Rio Grande Valley where
the story of their gallant fight lives on in legend and place names.
Leaving Port Antonio by the cluttered, shabby road south you come first
to RED HASSEL where it is said, the land ran red with blood after one battle.
At BREASTWORKS the British built a fort to keep the Maroons at bay. At FELLOWSHIP
there was a temporary truce. Here the road branches R to BERRIDALE, starting
place for the rafting trip.
FELLOWSHIP is now the headquarters of the RIO GRANDE VALLEY PROJECT,
an agricultural and community development project funded by the government
of the Netherlands. The project office and community centre was built by
the Womenís Construction Co-operative. Floods caused by deforestation
and erosion on the hills are becoming a recurrent problem ñ and the
main reason for abysmal road conditions in the valley. In response, conservation
has recently become a key element of the project. Agro-forestry and bench
terracing are being promoted and farmers are being encouraged to minimize
the use of chemicals that can pollute the river and prevent careless disposal
of the blue plastic bags used to ìsleeveî the banana bunches.
Project officers Barrington Hall and Hubertus Gaymans are also assisting
communities to develop eco-tourist accommodation and facilities. ETAG, a
local Eco-Tourism Action Group has trained guides who are available to accompany
you to nearby eco attractions like the SCATTER FALLS and FOXES CAVES. To
find these you will cross the river on a raft and take a short, fairly level
hike along the river bank to a tributary called the Sarah, alias ìSAYî
river where the Scatter Falls tumble into the river from both sides for
about half a mile. Crossing the river by stepping stones you walk beside
the lower Scatter Falls to the Thaxter property and Foxes Caves. The larger
cave, which is lighted has 10 chambers, the smaller one boasts a stream
and waterfall. For information about guides and other attractions phone
ETAG at the project office, 993-2543.
From the Fellowship junction the road crosses the Rio Grande and winds
upstream through farmland and banana cultivations, small and large farms
and government land settlement schemes. Rich alluvial soil and high rainfall
makes this the most fertile farmland in the island. Golden Vale, the name
of one large privately owned plantation describes it well. Proceed with
caution, you never know what lies around the next corner ñ country
bus, market truck, or mega pothole. Roadside vegetation includes tree ferns,
wild ginger lilies and blue Thumbergia, a domestic creeper now running wild.
Frequent vantage points reveal vistas of banana fields, the majestic, blue-green
river and the mountains that guard the almost inaccessible site of Nanny
Town. Some people say that SEAMANíS VALLEY is the place where Quao
ambushed and massacred a British force including 200 sailors from a warship.
Others that this was the place where Maroon sentinels could first discern
approaching soldiers and would give the ìsee manî signal.
Take the road that branches L to MOORE TOWN, modern seat of the Windward
Maroons. It is a small village scattered along a stream with a school, playing
field, post office and seven churches. No one can explain the name. Some
think it was named after a governor of Jamaica, others that the correct
spelling is More because it was the site chosen when the Windwards demanded
more land. It is said that Nanny's mortal remains were removed from Nanny
Town and buried here at the BUMP GRAVE. At the time of her elevation to
heroine status in 1975 the government erected a memorial here over the alleged
grave. Close by lives the modern leader of the Maroons: Colonel Harris,
better known as Teacher Harris. Unlike the Accompong Maroons who hold hotly
contested elections at five year intervals, the Maroons of Moore Town have
retained Harris as Colonel for close to 30 years. He is a retired schoolteacher,
past JLP Senator and frequent author of letters to the press. As we went
to press Colonel Harris was co-ordinating efforts to create a Maroon Museum
in Moore Town.
Your valley trip could be enhanced by accepting the services of guides
like Bigger or Lucky Osborne, two of Col. Harrisís adjutants. They
know everyone in the valley and can advise on the state of the roads, the
sites of unfrequented waterfalls, how to find the hot springs on the Guava
River, etc.
On the outskirts of Moore Town a dirt road follows the river to CORNWALL
BARRACKS, once occupied by British troops, now the site of another ETAG
eco-attraction called Twin Apple Park where you can sample Maroon food and
absorb Maroon lore. From here a very old swinging bridge crosses to GINGER
HOUSE where there is a particularly beautiful waterfall called JUPITER beside
a cave and mineral spring. The river here is ideal for swimming and picnics.
You can cross by the swinging bridge (locals and their mules and donkeys
still do) or return to Seamanís Valley and turn L to ALLIGATOR RIVER
where, legend insists, an alligator dressed in black was once seen entering
the church. Then cross the river by a more substantial bridge and continue
to Ginger House, COMFORT CASTLE and MILBANK. The river swirls over and around
huge worn stones, is joined by numerous small springs, and there are myriad
small waterfalls and swimming holes to tempt you. Comfort Castle has a post
office, police station with telephone link, and, of course, several churches.
Milbank is headquarters for rangers attached to the BLUE MOUNTAIN/JOHN CROW
MOUNTAIN NATIONAL PARK. They will be glad to arrange camping or hiking trips
and can recommend guides from the local community. BOWDEN PEN on the Mattie
River is the end of the line. Don't be tempted to proceed into St Thomas
unless you have guides, a fourwheel drive and the weather is very good. |